Satellites naturels de Saturne

La planète Saturne compte 53 lunes nommées, et 29 autres qui sont encore à l'étude. Beaucoup de ces lunes sont très petites : 33 ont un diamètre inférieur à 10 km et 13 ont un diamètre inférieur à 50 km. Beaucoup de ces lunes portent le nom de Titans, de géants ou de dieux grecs ou romains mineurs. Certaines des lunes de Saturne sont très grandes ; la lune Titan est plus grande que la planète Mercure.

Lunes confirmées

Les lunes de Saturne sont répertoriées ici par période orbitale (ou semi-grand axe), de la plus courte à la plus longue. Les lunes suffisamment massives pour que leur surface se soit effondrée en un sphéroïde sont mises en évidence en gras, tandis que les lunes irrégulières sont répertoriées sur fond rouge, orange et gris.

Clé


†Major lunes glacées

♠Titan


Groupe ‡Inuit


♦Gallic groupe


♣Norse groupe

Très récemment, on a découvert 20 nouvelles lunes sur Saturne qui n'ont pas encore été nommées.

Commander

Label

Nom

Prononciation

Image

Diamètre (km)

Masse
(×1015 kg)

Semi-grand axe (km)

Période orbitale (d)

Inclinaison

Excentricité

Position

Discoveryyear

Découvreur

1

S/2009 S/2009 S 1

—

≈ 0.3

<  0.0001

≈ 117000

≈ 0.47

≈ 0°

≈ 0

anneau B extérieur

2009

Cassini

(moonlets)

—

A noisy image showing a few bright dots marked by circles

0,04 à 0,4 (Earhart)

<  0.0001

≈ 130000

≈ 0.55

≈ 0°

≈ 0

Trois bandes de 1000 km à l'intérieur d'A Ring

2006

Cassini

2

XVIII

Pan Pan

/ˈpæn

A bright fuzzy band (rings of Saturn) is running from the left to right. In the center a bright irregularity shaped body is superimposed on its upper edge. A narrow grayish band, which is a part of the main band, partially covers the body.

28.2±2.6
(34 × 31 × 20)

4.95±0.75

133584

+0.57505

0.001°

0.000035

dans la division Encke

1990

M. Showalter

3

XXXV

Daphnis Daphnis

/ˈdæfnɪs/

Two bright bands run from the left to right. In the narrow gap between them (Keeler gap), which has wavy edges, a small oblong object can be seen.

7.6±1.6
(9 × 8 × 6)

0.084±0.012

136505

+0.59408

≈ 0°

≈ 0

à Keeler Gap

2005

Cassini

4

XV

Atlas Atlas

/ˈætləs/

An irregularly shaped body is fully illuminated. The body, which looks like a cone viewed from the south pole, is elongated downward.

30.2±1.8
(41 × 35 × 19)

6.6±0.045

137670

+0.60169

0.003°

0.0012

extérieur Un berger de l'anneau

1980

Voyager 2

5

XVI

Prométhée Prométhée

/proʊˈmiːθiəs/

An irregularly shaped oblong body is fully illuminated. It is elongated in the direction from the right to left. Its surface is covered by craters. There is valley at the top.

86.2±5.4
(136 × 79 × 59)

159.5±1.5

139380

+0.61299

0.008°

0.0022

intérieur F Berger de l'anneau

1980

Voyager 2

6

XVII

Pandora Pandora

/pænˈdɔːrə

An irregularly shaped body is half illuminated from the bottom. The terminator runs from the left to right. The surface is covered by numerous craters.

81.4±3.0
(104 × 81 × 64)

137.1±1.9

141720

+0.62850

0.050°

0.0042

extérieur F Ring Shepherd

1980

Voyager 2

7a

XI

Epiméthée Epiméthée

/ɛpɪˈmiːθiəs/

A partially-illuminated irregular body, which has a shape remotely resembling a cube. The body's surface consists of ridges and valleys and is covered by craters.

116.2±3.6
(130 × 114 × 106)

526.6±0.6

151422

+0.69433

0.335°

0.0098

co-orbital avec Janus

1977

J. Fountain, et S. Larson

7b

X

Janus Janus

/ˈdʒeɪnəs/

An irregular body, whose outline looks like an approximate circle in this image. It is illuminated from the bottom-left. The terminator runs from the top-left to bottom-right. The surface is covered by craters.

179.0±2.8
(203 × 185 × 153)

1897.5±0.6

151472

+0.69466

0.165°

0.0068

co-orbital avec Epimetheus

1966

A. Dollfus

9

LIII

Aegaeon Aegaeon

/iːˈdʒiːən/

Image of Aegaeon.

≈ 0.5

≈ 0.0001

167500

+0.80812

0.001°

0.0002

G Anneau de lunette

2008

Cassini

10

I

Mimas †Mimas

/ˈmaɪməs/

A spherical body is half illuminated from the left. The terminator runs from the top to bottom in the vicinity of the right limb. A large crater with a central peak sits on the terminator slightly to the right and above the center of the body. It makes the body look like the Death Star. There are numerous smaller craters.

396.4±0.8
(416 × 393 × 381)

37493±31

185404

+0.942422

1.566°

0.0202

 

1789

W. Herschel

11

XXXII

Méthone Méthone

/mɪˈθoʊniː/

From May 2012 flyby

3.2±1.2

≈ 0.02

194440

+1.00957

0.007°

0.0001

Alkyonides

2004

Cassini

12

XLIX

Anthe Anthe

/ˈænθiː/

1.8

≈ 0.0015

197700

+1.05089

0.1°

0.0011

Alkyonides

2007

Cassini

13

XXXIII

Pallene Pallene

/pəˈliːniː/

In the center is Pallene, a moon of Saturn

5.0±1.2
(6 × 6 × 4)

≈ 0.05

212280

+1.15375

0.181°

0.0040

Alkyonides

2004

Cassini

14

II

Enceladus †Enceladus

/ɛnˈsɛlədəs

A spherical body is half illuminated from the right. The terminator runs from the top to bottom in the vicinity of the left limb. In the center and at the top there are heavily cratered areas.

504.2±0.4
(513 × 503 × 497)

108022±101

237950

+1.370218

0.010°

0.0047

Génère l'anneau E

1789

W. Herschel

15

III

Tethys †Tethys

/ˈtiːθɪs/

A spherical heavily cratered body is illuminated from the bottom. The terminator runs from the left to right in the vicinity of the top limb. There is a wide curved graben running from the center of the body to the bottom. It is Ithaca Chasma.

1062±1.2
(1077 × 1057 × 1053)

617449±132

294619

+1.887802

0.168°

0.0001

 

1684

G. Cassini

15a

XIII

Telesto Telesto

/tɪˈlɛstoʊ/

24.8±0.8
(33 × 24 × 20)

≈ 9.41

294619

+1.887802

1.158°

0.000

le cheval de Troie de Tethys

1980

B. Smith, H. Reitsema, S. Larson, et J. Fountain

15b

XIV

Calypso Calypso

/kəˈlɪpsoʊ

An oblong reddish body is seen in this low resolution image.

21.4±1.4
(30 × 23 × 14)

≈ 6.3

294619

+1.887802

1.473°

0.000

à la suite du cheval de Troie Tethys

1980

D. Pascu, P. Seidelmann, W. Baum, et D. Currie

18

IV

Dione †Dione

/daɪˈoʊniː/

A spherical body is half illuminated from the right. The terminator is running from the top to bottom slightly to the left off the center. The central part of the body is smooth and has only a few craters. A heavily cratered terrain is near the right limb. A part of a large crater is intersected by the terminator in the lower-left corner. To the left of it there is a long crack running parallel to the terminator.

1122.8±0.8
(1128 × 1123 × 1119)

1095452±168

377396

+2.736915

0.002°

0.0022

 

1684

G. Cassini

18a

XII

Hélène Hélène

/ˈhɛlɪniː/

An irregularly shaped body illuminated from the left. Its surface is covered by numerous impact craters.

35.2±0.8
(43 × 38 × 26)

≈ 24.46

377396

+2.736915

0.212°

0.0022

le cheval de Troie Dione en tête

1980

P. Laques et J. Lecacheux

18b

XXXIV

Polydeuces Polydeuces

/pɒliˈdjuːsiːz/

A small oblong body is barely resolved in this image.

2.6±0.8
(3 × 2 × 1)

≈ 0.03

377396

+2.736915

0.177°

0.0192

à la suite du cheval de Troie Dione

2004

Cassini

21

V

Rhea †Rhea

/ˈriːə/

A spherical body is almost fully illuminated. The terminator is running near the top edge. The surface is covered by numerous craters. Two partially overlapping large craters can be seen above the center. One that is younger is above and to the right from the older one.

1527.0±1.2
(1530 × 1526 × 1525)

2306518±353

527108

+4.518212

0.327°

0.001258

 

1672

G. Cassini

22

VI

Titan ♠Titan

/ˈtaɪtən/

An orange spherical body is half illuminated from the right. The terminator is running from the top to bottom slightly to the left off the center. Both limb and terminator are fuzzy due to light scattering in the atmosphere.

5149.46±0.18
(5149 × 5149 × 5150)

134520000±20000

1221930

+15.94542

0.3485°

0.0288

 

1655

C. Huygens

23

VII

Hyperion †Hyperion

/haɪˈpɪəriən/

An irregularly shaped oblong body is illuminated from the left. The terminator is near the right limb. The body is elongated in the top-bottom direction. The surface is punctured by numerous impact craters, which make it look like a sponge or cheese.

270±8
(360 × 266 × 205)

5620±50

1481010

+21.27661

0.568°

0.123006

en résonance 4:3 avec Titan

1848

W. BondG
. BondW
. Lassell

24

VIII

Iapetus †Iapetus

/aɪˈæpɪtəs/

A walnut shaped body illuminated from the bottom-left. The terminator runs from the top to right along the top-right limb. An equatorial ridge runs from the left to right and is convex in the direction of the bottom-left. Above and below it there are dark areas. Above the upper dark area and below the lower one there are bright poles. There numerous craters. Three among them are very large: one sits on the limb at the right another is in the center above the ridge. The third is below the ridge near the left limb.

1468.6±5.6
(1491 × 1491 × 1424)

1805635±375

3560820

+79.3215

15.47°

0.028613

 

1671

G. Cassini

25

XXIV

Kiviuq ‡Kiviuq

/ˈkɪviək/

≈ 16

≈ 2.79

11294800

+448.16

49.087°

0.3288

Groupe inuit

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

26

XXII

Ijiraq ‡Ijiraq

/ˈiːɪrɒk

≈ 12

≈ 1.18

11355316

+451.77

50.212°

0.3161

Groupe inuit

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

27

IX

Phoebe ♣†Phoebe

/ˈfiːbiː/

An approximately spherical heavily cratered body is illuminated from the bottom-right. The terminator runs near the left and top limbs. There is huge crater at the top, which affects the shape, and another slightly smaller at the bottom.

213.0±1.4
(219 × 217 × 204)

8292±10

12869700

−545.09

173.047°

0.156242

Groupe scandinave

1899

W. Pickering

28

XX

Paaliaq ‡Paaliaq

/ˈpɑːliɒk/

≈ 22

≈ 7.25

15103400

+692.98

46.151°

0.3631

Groupe inuit

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

29

XXVII

Skathi ♣Skathi

/ˈskɒði/

≈ 8

≈ 0.35

15672500

−732.52

149.084°

0.246

Groupe nordique (Skathi)

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

30

XXVI

Albiorix ♦Albiorix

/ˌælbiˈɒrɪks

≈ 32

≈ 22.3

16266700

+774.58

38.042°

0.477

Groupe gaulois

2000

M. Holman

31

 

S/2007A ♣S/2007 S 2

—

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

16560000

−792.96

176.68°

0.2418

Groupe scandinave

2007

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden

32

XXXVII

Bebhionn ♦Bebhionn

/bɛˈviːn/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

17153520

+838.77

40.484°

0.333

Groupe gaulois

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

33

XXVIII

Erriapus ♦Erriapus

/ɛriˈæpəs/

≈ 10

≈ 0.68

17236900

+844.89

38.109°

0.4724

Groupe gaulois

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

34

XLVII

Skoll ♣Skoll

/ˈskɒl/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

17473800

−862.37

155.624°

0.418

Groupe nordique (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

35

XXIX

Siarnaq ‡Siarnaq

/ˈsiːɑːrnək

≈ 40

≈ 43.5

17776600

+884.88

45.798°

0.24961

Groupe inuit

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

36

LII

Tarqeq ‡Tarqeq

/ˈtɑːrkeɪk/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

17910600

+894.86

49.904°

0.1081

Groupe inuit

2007

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

37

 

S/2004B ♣S/2004 S 13

—

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

18056300

−905.85

167.379°

0.261

Groupe scandinave

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

38

LI

Greip ♣Greip

/ˈɡreɪp

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

18065700

−906.56

172.666°

0.3735

Groupe scandinave

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

39

XLIV

Hyrrokkin ♣Hyrrokkin

/hɪˈrɒkɪn/

≈ 8

≈ 0.35

18168300

−914.29

153.272°

0.3604

Groupe nordique (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

40

L

Jarnsaxa ♣Jarnsaxa

/jɑːrnˈsæksə/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

18556900

−943.78

162.861°

0.1918

Groupe scandinave

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

41

XXI

Tarvos ♦Tarvos

/ˈtɑːrvəs/

≈ 15

≈ 2.3

18562800

+944.23

34.679°

0.5305

Groupe gaulois

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

42

XXV

Mundilfari ♣Mundilfari

/mʊndəlˈværi

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

18725800

−956.70

169.378°

0.198

Groupe scandinave

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

43

 

S/2006 ♣S/2006 S 1

—

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

18930200

−972.41

154.232°

0.1303

Groupe nordique (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D.C. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

44

 

S/2004C ♣S/2004 S 17

—

≈ 4

≈ 0.05

19099200

−985.45

166.881°

0.226

Groupe scandinave

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

45

XXXVIII

Bergelmir ♣Bergelmir

/bɛərˈjɛlmɪər/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

19104000

−985.83

157.384°

0.152

Groupe nordique (Skathi)

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

46

XXXI

Narvi ♣Narvi

/ˈnɑːrvi/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

19395200

−1008.45

137.292°

0.320

Groupe nordique (Narvi)

2003

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

47

XXIII

Suttungr ♣Suttungr

/ˈsʊtʊŋɡər/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

19579000

−1022.82

174.321°

0.131

Groupe scandinave

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

48

XLIII

Hati ♣Hati

/ˈhɑːti/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

19709300

−1033.05

163.131°

0.291

Groupe scandinave

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

49

 

S/2004A ♣S/2004 S 12

—

≈ 5

≈ 0.09

19905900

−1048.54

164.042°

0.396

Groupe scandinave

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

50

XL

Farbauti ♣Farbauti

/fɑːrˈbaʊti/

≈ 5

≈ 0.09

19984800

−1054.78

158.361°

0.209

Groupe nordique (Skathi)

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

51

XXX

Thrymr ♣Thrymr

/ˈθrɪmər/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

20278100

−1078.09

174.524°

0.453

Groupe scandinave

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

52

XXXVI

Aegir ♣Aegir

/ˈaɪ. ɪər /ɪər.

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

20482900

−1094.46

167.425°

0.237

Groupe scandinave

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

53

 

S/2007B ♣S/2007 S 3

—

≈ 5

≈ 0.09

20518500

≈ −1100

177.22°

0.130

Groupe scandinave

2007

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

54

XXXIX

Bestla ♣Bestla

/ˈbɛstlə/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

20570000

−1101.45

147.395°

0.5145

Groupe nordique (Narvi)

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

55

 

S/2007C ♣S/2004 S 7

—

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

20576700

−1101.99

165.596°

0.5299

Groupe scandinave

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

56

 

S/2006 ♣S/2006 S 3

—

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

21076300

−1142.37

150.817°

0.4710

Groupe nordique (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

57

XLI

Fenrir ♣Fenrir

/ˈfɛnrɪər/

≈ 4

≈ 0.05

21930644

−1212.53

162.832°

0.131

Groupe scandinave

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

58

XLVIII

Surtur ♣Surtur

/ˈsɜːrtər/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

22288916

−1242.36

166.918°

0.3680

Groupe scandinave

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

59

XLV

Kari ♣Kari

/ˈkɑːri/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

22321200

−1245.06

148.384°

0.3405

Groupe nordique (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

60

XIX

Ymir ♣Ymir

/ˈɪmɪər/

≈ 18

≈ 3.97

22429673

−1254.15

172.143°

0.3349

Groupe scandinave

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

61

XLVI

Loge ♣Loge

/ˈlɔɪ. eɪ/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

22984322

−1300.95

166.539°

0.1390

Groupe scandinave

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

62

XLII

Fornjot ♣Fornjot

/ˈfɔːrnjɒt/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

24504879

−1432.16

167.886°

0.186

Groupe scandinave

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

Lunes non confirmées

Les objets suivants (observés par Cassini) n'ont pas été confirmés comme étant des corps solides. On ne sait pas encore s'il s'agit de véritables satellites ou de simples amas persistants dans l'anneau F.

Nom

Image

Diamètre (km)

Semi-grand axe
 (km)

Orbital
période (d)

Position

Année de la découverte

S/2004 S 6

A bright narrow band runs from the top to bottom. To the right of it in the diffuse halo the is a bright small object.

≈ 3–5

≈ 140130

+0.61801

objets incertains autour de l'anneau F

2004

S/2004 S 3/S 4

≈ 3–5

≈ 140300

≈ +0.619

2004



Lunes hypothétiques

Deux lunes auraient été découvertes par des astronomes différents mais n'auraient jamais été revues. Les deux lunes seraient en orbite entre Titan et Hypérion.

  • Chiron qui aurait été repéré par Hermann Goldschmidt en 1861, mais jamais observé par quelqu'un d'autre.
  • Themis aurait été découverte en 1905 par l'astronome William Pickering, mais n'a jamais été revue. Néanmoins, elle a été incluse dans de nombreux almanachs et livres d'astronomie jusqu'aux années 1960.

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